The rules would require UK companies to keep a wider range of data about users
The
government's draft Communications Data Bill details plans to increase
the amount of data gathered about the web and mobile habits of anyone in
the UK.
But why is the bill needed and what will be retained?
What are the proposals?
The
government wants to make internet service providers (ISPs) and mobile
operators log much more data about what their customers are doing. If
the bill is passed, information about who people call, text, tweet and
IM, what games they play, when they post on social networks and who they
send web mails to will be logged. Data would be kept for 12 months.
How is that different to now?
Currently
communications firms only retain data about who people send emails to,
and who they ring. The new law would cover a much wider class of data.
What is the argument for change?
The
government says advances in technology and changing patterns of use
mean its existing regulations, known as the Regulation of Investigatory
Powers Act, are inadequate. Data saved on computers or mobiles is key to
many tens of thousands of police investigations every year, it says,
and it needs improved powers to get at this information quicker.In addition, many of the communications services people use are based outside the UK. With few powers to compel these service providers to hand over data, the government says it needs powers to gather information in the UK.
The way the net handles data makes it inevitable that police will invade privacy, say critics
What is the opposing view?
Opponents
say the proposals radically expand the data being gathered from just
data that businesses need in the course of their business to a
comprehensive and intrusive log of online life. Such a database is ripe
for abuse, they warn. It could also be targeted by hackers keen to get
at such a lucrative store of personal data.In addition, say critics, government plans are flawed because the way the many technologies treat data means police will inevitably intrude on privacy. For instance, in the past it was easy to separate who was being called from what was being said. With data this distinction breaks down and means any investigation will see lots more than just basic contact data.
Critics also say the bill will push many more websites to use secure browsing standards which will make it harder for police to investigate.
What is possible in technical terms?
It
is technically possible, though very expensive, to log everything a
person does on the web, their mobile and on their home PC, laptop or
tablet. The fewer precautions a person takes to hide what they are doing
or scramble the contents of messages the easier it is to grab
information. The government says data retention system envisaged in the
bill will cost about £1.8bn to build. Critics say it will cost much
more.
Are there limits to what is possible technologically?
Encryption,
which scrambles data, can make it hard to look at the content of
messages. However, the way the net and most other modern communication
technologies work make it very hard for anyone to hide who they are
calling or mailing and the websites they are visiting. The hard part for
investigators is identifying the means through which someone is
communicating. Although technologies exist to obscure browsing habits,
few use them. source bbc.co.uk
